Erlenbach im Simmental is a municipality in the district of Niedersimmental in the Canton of Bern in Switzerland .

Erlenbach im Simmental is first mentioned in 1180-81 as Arlunbach.

The oldest trace of humans in the area is the Paleolithic Chilchlihöhle cave. Neolithic remains have been discovered at Branteschopf Schwynbalm. Other prehistoric traces include the Bronze Age and Roman era artifacts at Balzenberg and Unterklusi and a horde of Roman coins at Stockhorn. After the Fall of the Western Roman Empire, the region remained inhabited.